These include a gel, foam, cream, and even tablets for oral consumption (more on these later).The main mechanism by which ketoconazole operates is through its killing of fungi and yeasts. In a few weeks’ time you’ll have a much healthier scalp, and as a result, much healthier hair.There’s no doubt that ketoconazole can help significantly in the treatment of SD and dandruff.The jury is still out on its hair-growth properties, though there is some compelling evidence in this regard.This doesn’t mean, however, that it’s the best option available to you.Remember that dandruff and hair loss are conditions that best resolved internally. The most common brand is Nizoral, and an 8-oz bottle can typically be purchased for around $15.While this may seem a bit pricey, the product is only used a few times per week in the beginning of treatment (afterwards, its use is intermittent).This means that the product will last a reasonable length of time.But more important than the costs are the potential side effects of ketoconazole.As with any medication, ketoconazole has a few possible side effects that may interfere with its continued use or make continuation altogether impossible.The agency also warned of potentially very serious drug interactions.The label of the drug was changed, and the FDA recommended the drug no longer be a first-line treatment for fungal infections.As mentioned, these warnings apply to the oral version of the drug, not the shampoo.But it is still worth asking yourself if you want to be applying such a strong chemical on your scalp.What about the shampoo version – what are the most common side effects?In the event side effects occur, they may subside as your body adjusts to the medication.If you find these side effects are too strong and cause distress, discontinue treatment and consult with your doctor.But as with any medicated product, it’s a good idea to consult with your physician prior to usage anyway.This is especially true if you’re currently on any prescription medications, or if you have any chronic health conditions.As a readily available shampoo, ketoconazole products can be easily added into your regular hair care routine.As a medicated product, it’s recommended that you follow a consistent regimen for 6-8 weeks. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. This means using the shampoo every 2-4 days for the mentioned length of time, and then using periodically (1-2 times per month) for continued benefits.If you decide to use ketoconazole, you’ll want to ensure you’re using it most effectively.Practically, it will be much easier if you start your shower by applying the ketoconazole.