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The structural formula of Norpace is:Norpace is freely soluble in water, and the free base (pKa 10.4) has an aqueous solubility of 1 mg/ml.

Therefore, a loading dose of Norpace should not be given to such patients, and initial dosage and subsequent dosage adjustments should be made under close supervision (see More than 50% of disopyramide is excreted in the urine unchanged. Thiazide Diuretics meds. Therefore Norpace dosage should be reduced in patients with impaired renal function (see Norpace CR is not recommended for patients with severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance 40 ml/min or less).Hepatic impairment also causes an increase in the plasma half-life of disopyramide. Although specific drug interaction studies have not been done, cases of life-threatening interactions have been reported for disopyramide when given with clarithromycin and erythromycin.Norpace and Norpace CR are indicated for the treatment of documented ventricular arrhythmias, such as sustained ventricular tachycardia, that, in the judgment of the physician, are life-threatening. In the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST), a long-term, multi-center, randomized, double-blind study in patients with asymptomatic non-life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias who had had a myocardial infarction more than 6 days but less than 2 years previously, an excessive mortality or non-fatal cardiac arrest rate (7.7%) was seen in patients treated with encainide or flecainide compared with that seen in patients assigned to carefully matched placebo-treated groups (3.0%). If there is no response or evidence of toxicity within 6 hours of the loading dose, 200 mg of immediate-release Norpace every 6 hours may be prescribed instead of the usual 150 mg. In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy.Because of its anticholinergic activity, disopyramide phosphate should not be used in patients with glaucoma, urinary retention, or benign prostatic hypertrophy (medical conditions commonly associated with the elderly) unless adequate overriding measures are taken (see This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. The base content of the phosphate salt is 77.6%.

The electrocardiogram should be carefully monitored for signs of overdosage (see Patients with cardiac dysfunction have a higher potential for hepatic impairment; this should be considered when administering Norpace or Norpace CR.Antiarrhythmic drugs may be ineffective in patients with hypokalemia, and their toxic effects may be enhanced in patients with hyperkalemia.

Such use may produce serious negative inotropic effects, or may excessively prolong conduction.If first-degree heart block develops in a patient receiving Norpace or Norpace CR, the dosage should be reduced.Because of its anticholinergic activity, disopyramide phosphate should not be used in patients with glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, or urinary retention unless adequate overriding measures are taken;Norpace has been reported to stimulate contractions of the pregnant uterus.For patients with cardiomyopathy or possible cardiac decompensation, a loading dose, as discussed below, should not be given, and initial dosage should be limited to 100 mg of immediate-release Norpace every 6 to 8 hours.We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information - Patients with a history of heart failure may be treated with Norpace or Norpace CR, but careful attention must be given to the maintenance of cardiac function, including optimal digitalization. The chloroform:water partition coefficient of the base is 3.1 at pH 7.2.Norpace CR (controlled-release) capsules are designed to afford a gradual and consistent release of disopyramide. Monitoring of disopyramide plasma levels is recommended in such concurrent use to avoid ineffective therapy. The physician should be aware of these possible reactions and should discontinue Norpace or Norpace CR therapy promptly if they occur.Deliberate or accidental overdosage of oral disopyramide may be followed by apnea, loss of consciousness, cardiac arrhythmias, and loss of spontaneous respiration. The recommended dosage for most adults is 600 mg/day given in divided doses (either 150 mg every 6 hours for immediate-release Norpace or 300 mg every 12 hours for Norpace CR). Hemodialysis or, preferably, hemoperfusion with charcoal may be employed to lower serum concentration of the drug.The electrocardiogram should be monitored, and supportive therapy with cardiac glycosides and diuretics should be given as required.If progressive AV block should develop, endocardial pacing should be implemented.

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